Too sporty to indulge in chocolate? Think again, says research published in The Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. The findings suggest that a little dark chocolate may improve performance in fitness training.
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Chocolate, like beetroot, appears to boost performance.
Image credit: University of Kingston, London, UK
Beetroot juice is popular among elite athletes as a tool for enhancing performance, due to its high nitrate content.
The nitrates in beetroot juice are converted to nitric oxide in the body, causing blood vessels to dilate and reducing oxygen consumption, helping athletes to maintain their pace for longer.
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The Mayo Clinic point out that chocolate and cocoa may play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease.
The flavanols present in cocoa beans have antioxidant effects that reduce the cell damage involved in heart disease. They can also help to lower blood pressure and improve vascular function.
However, Mayo Clinic warn that not all the benefits of chocolate have been confirmed. Chocolate should be consumed in moderation, they say, because the added fats and sugars can lead to weight gain and other health problems.
In discussing the results, the researchers make a number of points, of which two stand out as being of interest. First, they note that the married men in their sample were more likely to be smokers and drinkers and have chronic diseases like diabetes, COPD, cancer. They were also more likely to be less well educated than unmarried men. The authors write:
"This picture would appear to disagree with the theory according to which healthier people with a better psychological and socioeconomic status would be more likely to be selected for marriage."
The second interesting point the authors make is that the participants lived much of their early adult life in the mid-20th century, a social context where housekeeping, food shopping and food preparation were almost always done by women.
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This means - as the study finds - unmarried and widowed men were therefore more likely to have a higher risk of unintentional weight loss than married peers, with negative consequences on health status, muscle strength and physical performance.
In contrast, the study finds that widowed women had a lower incidence of unintentional weight loss or low daily physical activity levels than married women. "Moreover," note the authors, "although women who had never married showed no significant association with frailty, after adjusting for potential confounders, they too had significantly lower odds of unintentional weight loss and exhaustion than married women."
The researchers note that this would confirm the findings of sociological studies that suggest being unmarried is "more disadvantageous for men than for women, and that marriage protects the male gender more than the female one." They add:
"In fact, the presence of a wife may bring material benefits for men in terms of household management and healthcare, whereas women are more likely to feel stressed and find their role restrictive and frustrating."
The researchers acknowledge that their study has several weaknesses, among which they note, the social context of the population they studied compared with the continuous changes the structure of society, means the results may not reflect the current situation, "particularly considering the very small number of divorcees and unmarried people in our sample."
tao spirulina tu nhien dang bot
Chocolate, like beetroot, appears to boost performance.
Image credit: University of Kingston, London, UK
Beetroot juice is popular among elite athletes as a tool for enhancing performance, due to its high nitrate content.
The nitrates in beetroot juice are converted to nitric oxide in the body, causing blood vessels to dilate and reducing oxygen consumption, helping athletes to maintain their pace for longer.
earthrise spirulina natural
The Mayo Clinic point out that chocolate and cocoa may play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease.
The flavanols present in cocoa beans have antioxidant effects that reduce the cell damage involved in heart disease. They can also help to lower blood pressure and improve vascular function.
However, Mayo Clinic warn that not all the benefits of chocolate have been confirmed. Chocolate should be consumed in moderation, they say, because the added fats and sugars can lead to weight gain and other health problems.
In discussing the results, the researchers make a number of points, of which two stand out as being of interest. First, they note that the married men in their sample were more likely to be smokers and drinkers and have chronic diseases like diabetes, COPD, cancer. They were also more likely to be less well educated than unmarried men. The authors write:
"This picture would appear to disagree with the theory according to which healthier people with a better psychological and socioeconomic status would be more likely to be selected for marriage."
The second interesting point the authors make is that the participants lived much of their early adult life in the mid-20th century, a social context where housekeeping, food shopping and food preparation were almost always done by women.
ban tao spirulina
This means - as the study finds - unmarried and widowed men were therefore more likely to have a higher risk of unintentional weight loss than married peers, with negative consequences on health status, muscle strength and physical performance.
In contrast, the study finds that widowed women had a lower incidence of unintentional weight loss or low daily physical activity levels than married women. "Moreover," note the authors, "although women who had never married showed no significant association with frailty, after adjusting for potential confounders, they too had significantly lower odds of unintentional weight loss and exhaustion than married women."
The researchers note that this would confirm the findings of sociological studies that suggest being unmarried is "more disadvantageous for men than for women, and that marriage protects the male gender more than the female one." They add:
"In fact, the presence of a wife may bring material benefits for men in terms of household management and healthcare, whereas women are more likely to feel stressed and find their role restrictive and frustrating."
The researchers acknowledge that their study has several weaknesses, among which they note, the social context of the population they studied compared with the continuous changes the structure of society, means the results may not reflect the current situation, "particularly considering the very small number of divorcees and unmarried people in our sample."